宇哥时态轴

宇哥时态轴是英语语法章节最后的一个知识点，准备好开始了吗？

宇哥的时态轴——英语时态的秘密

时态，分为侧重于时间和侧重于状态。 我们可以在下面这张图里找到16种时态的分布情况：

侧重于“时间”的6种时态：

• 一般现在时（do/be）：客观事实，一般性描述
• 现在进行时（be + doing）：此刻正在进行的动作

I'm doing homework now.

• 一般过去时（did/was/were）
• 一般将来时（will do/be going to do）
• 过去进行时（was/were + doing）
• 将来进行时（will be + doing）

侧重于“状态”的6种时态：

• 现在完成时（have + done）：过去的客观事实对现在的影响，动作截止

I had it.

我吃过了，过去时态，强调事情发生在过去（客观事实）。

I have had it.

我已经吃过了，现在完成时，强调我已经很饱了，此刻我不再想吃饭了（状态，过去的客观事实对现在的影响，动作截止）。这种持续的客观事实一般长期且不连续。

一旦出现have/had做助动词，就表明要强调状态。
I have finished my homework.
She has been an English teacher for 6 years.

• 过去完成时（had + done）：过去的过去发生的客观事实，对过去的某一时刻造成的影响

By the end of last week,he had learned English for 6 years.
She had been an English teacher before she got married.

• 将来完成时（will + have + done）：在将来某个时间点之前发生的客观事实，对那个时刻所造成的的状态的影响

By the end of next week,he will have learned English for 6 years.
They will have been married for 20 years next Monday.

• 现在完成进行时（have/has been doing）：不仅强调客观事实对现在的影响， 还强调这种动作还将持续下去（即客观事实还在进行中），动作不截止

I have been learning English for 5 hours.
It has been raining for a week.

• 过去完成进行时（had been doing）

I had been learning English for 5 hours before my mum came back.
It had been raining for a week before I got here.

• 将来完成进行时（will have been doing）：这种持续的客观事实一般短暂且连续。

I will have been living in Beijing for 3 years by this time next month.
He will have been working on the program for 5 days by Friday.

在表达中经常会表达从过去的某个时间点往未来的方向延伸出4种时态：

• 过去将来时（would do）

He said he would love me forever.

• 过去将来进行时（would be doing）

He said he would be living in BJ one day.

• 过去将来完成时（would have done）

He said he would have lived in BJ for 5 years by the end of 2017.

• 过去将来完成进行时（would have been doing）

He said he would have been living in BJ for 5 years by the end of 2017.

语法课的所有内容就都总结到这里了，你都GET了吗？

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